Radiographer - Indian Systems of Medicine Previous Question -110

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  1. The power generating unit of a cell is
    • Mitochondria
    • Endoplasmic reticulum
    • Golgi complex
    • Centrosome

  2. The white blood corpuscles which has multiple lobes is
    • Neutrophil
    • Basophil
    • Lymphocytes
    • Eosinophil

  3. Highest area for perception of visual sensation is
    • Occipital lobe
    • Frontal load
    • Parietal lobe
    • Temporal lobe

  4. Bowman's capsule is located in
    • Kidney
    • Eye
    • Liver
    • Heart

  5. Caseating granuloma is feature of
    • Tuberculosis
    • Pneumonia
    • Typhoid
    • Leptospirosis

  6. The calorific value of carbohydrate is
    • 4 Kcal/ kg
    • 2 Kcal/ kg
    • 6 Kcal/ kg
    • 9 Kcal/ kg

  7. Right ventricle pumps blood into
    • Pulmonary artery
    • Aorta
    • Pulmonary vein
    • Superior Vena cava

  8. Outermost coat of blood vessel is
    • Tunica adventitia
    • Tunica media
    • Tunica albuginea
    • Tunica intima

  9. Sensation mediated by nociceptors is
    • Pain
    • Touch
    • Temperature
    • Vibration

  10. Acromegaly is due to excess secretion of
    • Growth hormone
    • ACTH
    • TSH
    • Prolactin

  11. Curie is the unit of
    • Radioactivity
    • Energy of gamma rays
    • Half Life
    • Intensity of X-rays

  12. Ways of hardening the X-ray beam
    • Both of these
    • Using filtration
    • Increasing the voltage
    • None of these

  13. Thermions are
    • Electrons
    • Protons
    • Photons
    • Positrons

  14. Isotopes are atoms having
    • Same number of protons but different number of neutrons
    • Same number of neutrons but different number of protons
    • Same number of protons and neutrons
    • None of these

  15. Advantages of Cancer screening include the following except
    • Over diagnosis of non-progressive lesions
    • Reduction in mortality
    • Reduce the number of patients requiring radical treatment
    • Reassurance of patients whose screening test is negative

  16. Permissible annual radiation exposure limit for radiation worker is
    • 20 mSv
    • 1 mSv
    • 10 mSv
    • 100 mSv

  17. Which of the following is not a mode of radioactive decay?
    • Nuclear fusion
    • Positron emission
    • Electron capture
    • Alpha decay

  18. The definitive treatment of gastric cancer is
    • Surgery
    • Radiotherapy
    • Chemotherapy
    • Hormone therapy

  19. Alpha rays emitted from a radioactive substance are
    • Doubly ionized Helium atom
    • Uncharged particles
    • Mass and charge equal to that of a Proton
    • Negatively charged particle

  20. Radioisotope has a half-life of 75 years. The fraction of atoms of this element that will be decaying 150 years will be
    • 75 %
    • 66.6 %
    • 83.5 %
    • 25 %

  21. The target material in an x-ray tube must have
    • High atomic number
    • Low melting point
    • High mass number
    • High cost

  22. Radionuclides are produced by
    • All of these
    • Nuclear fission
    • Nuclear reactor
    • Cyclotron

  23. Background radiation is contributed by the following except
    • Ultraviolet rays
    • Terrestrial radiation
    • Cosmic radiation
    • Radioactive elements in our body

  24. All are teletherapy source except
    • Iridium 192
    • Cobalt 60
    • Cesium 137
    • Radium 226

  25. The following are electromagnetic radiation except
    • Beta radiation
    • Characteristic radiation
    • Bremsstrahlung radiation
    • Annihilation radiation

  26. Interactions of photons with matter include all except
    • Leakage radiation
    • Pair production
    • Photoelectric effect
    • Compton scattering

  27. X-ray beams quality depend on the
    • All of these
    • Accelerating voltage
    • Target material
    • Inherent filtration

  28. D max for Cobalt 60 gamma rays is
    • 0.5 cm
    • 1.33 cm
    • 1.17 cm
    • 1.5 cm

  29. Personal monitoring device include all except
    • Gun monitor
    • TLD
    • Film badge
    • Pocket dosimeter

  30. Advantages of diagnostic ultrasound over CT scan
    • All of these
    • No harmful side effect
    • Relatively cheap
    • Non invasive

  31. Gamma Rays are deflected in
    • Neither magnetic nor electric field
    • Magnetic field but not in electric field
    • Electric field but not in magnetic field
    • Both magnetic and electric fields

  32. A radiotherapy simulator
    • Uses x-ray for imaging
    • Uses Gamma Rays for therapy
    • Is a brachytherapy machine
    • All of these

  33. Radiographic film is coated with gelatin layer containing
    • Both of these
    • Silver halide crystals
    • Silver sulphide crystals
    • None of these

  34. Radioisotopes used in brachytherapy includes all except
    • Iodine 131
    • Caesium 137
    • Gold 198
    • Radium 226

  35. Beta rays emitted by radioactive material are
    • Charged particles emitted by nucleus
    • Neutral particles
    • Electrons orbiting around the nucleus
    • Electromagnetic radiations

  36. Which of the following uses gamma rays?
    • Brachytherapy with iridium 192
    • Simulator
    • LINAC
    • IMRT

  37. Principles of radiation protection include all except
    • Monitoring
    • Time
    • Distance
    • Shielding

  38. In photoelectric emission the velocity of electrons ejected from near the surface is
    • Larger than those coming from interior of metal
    • Same as those coming from interior of the metal
    • Less than those coming from interior of metal
    • None of these

  39. Radiation detecting instrument used in nuclear medicine
    • Gamma camera
    • Gamma knife
    • Gamma zone monitor
    • Cyber knife

  40. Isotope of iodine used in PET
    • I-124
    • I-123
    • I-127
    • I-131

  41. The half-life of a radioactive element depends on
    • None of these
    • Amount of element present
    • Temperature
    • Pressure

  42. Mantle field radiotherapy is used in
    • Hodgkin’s lymphoma
    • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
    • Breast cancer
    • Thyroid cancer

  43. Scintillation crystal used in clinical PET imaging include all except
    • Sodium iodide (Thallium)
    • Bismuth Germanium oxide (BGO)
    • Gadolinium oxyorthosilicate (GSO)
    • Lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO)

  44. A moderator used in nuclear reactor in order to
    • Slow down the speed of neutrons
    • Accelerate the neutrons
    • Increase the number of neutrons
    • Decrease the number of neutrons

  45. Pure beta emission include all except
    • Iodine 123
    • Phosphorus 32
    • Yttrium 90
    • Strontium 89

  46. Dose of palliative radiotherapy for brain metastases
    • 30 Gy in 10 fractions
    • 40 Gy in 10 fractions
    • 60 Gy in 30 fractions
    • None of these

  47. Non-stochastic effect of radiation
    • Epilation
    • Carcinogenesis
    • Genetic effect
    • All of these

  48. Cobalt 60 is produced from Cobalt 59 by
    • Neutron bombardment
    • Proton bombardment
    • Deutetro bombardment
    • Electron bombardment

  49. X-ray photons produced by an x-ray machine are
    • Heterogeneous in energy
    • Homogeneous in energy
    • Both of these
    • None of these

  50. Radioactivity is
    • All of these
    • An Irreversible process
    • Self-disintegrative process
    • Spontaneous

  51. Linear acceleration is used in
    • Teletherapy
    • Contact therapy
    • Superficial therapy
    • Grenz-ray therapy

  52. Which among the following is an electron accelerator?
    • All of these
    • Microtron
    • Betatron
    • Linear accelerator

  53. Bragg peak characteristics is utilizing in
    • Proton therapy
    • Neutron therapy
    • Megavoltage therapy
    • Electron therapy

  54. Phase of cell cycle most sensitive to radiation
    • M Phase
    • G1 Phase
    • S Phase
    • G2 Phase

  55. Directly ionizing radiation include
    • Electrons
    • Photons
    • Neutrons
    • None of these

  56. Photoelectric attenuation is
    • Directly proportional to the cube of atomic number
    • Directly proportional to the square of atomic number
    • Inversely proportional to the square of atomic number
    • Inversely proportional to the cube of mass number

  57. Minimum energy required for pair production
    • 1.02 Mev
    • 0.51 Mev
    • 10.2 Mev
    • 1.02 Kev

  58. Electron interact with matter by
    • Both of these
    • Ionization
    • Excitation
    • None of these

  59. Ideal radionuclide for imaging should be
    • All of these
    • Mono energetic
    • Having short half life
    • Pure Gamma emitter

  60. Indirectly ionizing radiation include
    • All of these
    • X rays
    • Gamma rays
    • Neutrons

  61. The unit of exposure is
    • Roentgen
    • Curie
    • RAD
    • Gray

  62. Bolus often used in electron beam therapy to
    • All of these
    • Flatten out an irregular surface
    • Reduce the penetration of electrons in parts of the field
    • Increase the surface dose

  63. Which among the following is not a permanent implant?
    • Iridium 192
    • Palladium 103
    • Iodine 125
    • Gold 198

  64. Curable cancers include all except
    • Metastatic pancreatic carcinoma
    • Carcinoma of vocal cord
    • Seminoma testis
    • Lymphoma

  65. The following are brachytherapy application except
    • Intraoperative therapy
    • Surface mould
    • Interstitial therapy
    • Intracavitary therapy

  66. Output of an x-ray machine is
    • Proportional to square of kilo voltage
    • Proportional to kilo voltage
    • Inversely proportional to square of kilo voltage
    • None of these

  67. Quality factor (radiation weighting) factor for Alpha particle is
    • 4
    • 1
    • 5
    • 20

  68. Radiation hormesis is
    • None of these
    • Beneficial effect of radiation
    • Teratogenic effect of radiation
    • Radiation protection parameter

  69. Which among the following is stochastic effect of radiation?
    • Fibrosis
    • Cataract
    • Genetic effect
    • Decrease in sperm count

  70. Treatment of choice for small cell lung cancer
    • Chemotherapy
    • Surgery
    • Radiotherapy
    • Hormonal therapy

  71. NCRP recommended annual radiation exposure limit for trainee radiation worker
    • 1 msv
    • 5 msv
    • 20 msv
    • 50 msv

  72. Directors most often used for x-ray measurements are
    • All of these
    • Ionization chamber
    • Geiger counter
    • Thermo luminescent dosimeter (TLD)

  73.  Spread of Cancer occur by the following ways
    • All of these
    • Local innovation
    • Lymphatic spread
    • Hematogenous spread

  74. Output of an x-ray machine
    • Increase with tube current
    • Decrease with voltage
    • Increase with filtration
    • None of these

  75. Compton interaction is
    • Independent of atomic number
    • Directly proportional to the square of atomic number
    • Inversely proportional to the cube of atomic number
    • None of these

  76. Highly radiosensitive tissue among the following is
    • Epidermis
    • Muscle
    • Bone
    • Nerve

  77. Cancer of which among the following organ is likely to spread to bone
    • Nasopharynx
    • Lip
    • Tongue
    • Maxilla

  78. Radioiodine is used in the treatment of all except
    • Medullary thyroid cancer
    • Differentiated thyroid cancer
    • Graves disease
    • Multinodular goitre

  79. PET scan
    • All of these
    • Is used in staging evaluation of lymphoma
    • Is expensive
    • 18F-FDG is the tracer used

  80. In Radioactive equilibrium
    • The parents and daughter nuclide will decay at the same rate
    • The parent and daughter elements stable
    • The parent element is Radioactive the daughter is always stable
    • None of these

  81. The approximate energy of radiation emitted from tungsten target when an electron falls from M shell to the K shell is
    • 67.5 Kev
    • 70 Kev
    • 59 Kev
    • 8.5 Kev

  82. Isomers are
    • Atoms with the same mass number, same atomic number, different number of nuclear energy level
    • Atoms with the same atomic number, different number of neutrons
    • Atoms with same number of neutrons, different atomic number
    • Atoms with the same mass number, different number of neutrons

  83. In Photon beam interaction with matter the process in which there is no net loss energy is
    • Coherent scattering
    • Photoelectric effect
    • Compton effect
    • Pair production

  84. The unit of KERMA is
    • Gray
    • Ronetgen
    • Sievert
    • Joule

  85. Most commonly used a radioactive source in modern brachytherapy is
    • Ir-192
    • Ra-226
    • I-131
    • Tc 99m

  86. The annual dose limit for general public as per atomic energy regulatory board guideline is
    • 1 msv
    • 20 msv
    • 5 msv
    • 2 msv

  87. The emulsion in radiographic film contains
    • Silver halide crystals
    • Caesium halide crystals
    • Calcium tungstate crystals
    • Silver atoms

  88. When grids are used in radiography, the radiation dose to the patient
    • Increase
    • Decreases
    • May or may not increase
    • Remains same

  89. In mammography the filter material used is
    • Molybdenum
    • Aluminium
    • Tungsten
    • Copper

  90. The principle of photostimulable phosphor luminescence is used in
    • Computed radiography (CR)
    • Digital radiography (DR)
    • Image intensifier
    • Darkroom fluoroscopy

  91. Among the following which is not a component of image intensifier tube
    • Photomultiplier tube
    • Input screen
    • Photo cathode
    • Output screen

  92. The factor which does not affect the subject contrast is
    • mA
    • Tissue density
    • Kvp
    • Atomic number

  93. Protective apron used by radiation worker in radiography should have a minimum lead equivalence of
    • 0.25 mm lead
    • 0.5 mm lead
    • 1 mm lead
    • 2 mm lead

  94. The TLD badges used in India are made from
    • Caso4 : Dy
    • LiF
    • La2B4O7
    • CaF2 : Mn

  95. A Co-60 source is having an activity of 10000 Ci. What will be its activity after an interval of time equal to its average life?
    • 2369 Ci
    • 100 Ci
    • 5000 Ci
    • 10000 Ci

  96. A photon of 2.5 Mev undergoes pair production. The pair of electron and positron possesses equal kinetic energy of
    • 0.74 Mev each
    • 1.25 Mev each
    • 2.5 Mev each
    • 1.48 Mev each

  97. What is the approximate ratio of bremsstrahlung to characteristic radiation coming out of an X-ray tube with tungsten target if it is operated at 70 kvp?
    • 1 : 0
    • 1 : 1
    • 0: 1
    • 1: 10

  98. Adjacent regions of a radiograph have optical densities of 1.0 and 2.0. The differences in the transmission of light through these two regions are
    • 10% and 1%
    • 1% and 2%
    • 1% and 0.5%
    • 10% and 20%

  99. Ultrasound waves are propagated through tissue as
    • Longitudinal wave
    • Transverse waves
    • Electromagnetic wave
    • Electrical waves

  100. Noise in radio graphic film is caused by
    • Focal spot size
    • Quantum mottle
    • Film graininess
    • Structure mottle

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